Australian scientists produce first kangaroo embryo using IVF

Australian scientists have successfully cultivated the world's first kangaroo embryo through in vitro fertilization (IVF) technology, a breakthrough considered helpful in saving other endangered species from extinction. This research provides important insights into the reproduction of marsupials and may promote improved genetic diversity in endangered species such as koalas, Tasmanian devils, northern hairy-nosed wombats, and Leadbeater's possums.

Researchers successfully injected single sperm cells into eggs using samples from eastern grey kangaroos. Lead researcher Andres Gambini stated that more work and "technological advances" are needed to achieve live births. Australia has the most diverse marsupial mammals but also the highest rate of mammal extinction.

The University of Queensland's experiment studied the growth of kangaroo eggs and sperm in a laboratory environment and then created embryos using a method called intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). This technology has been applied to humans and some domestic animals, and the subject of this experiment was already deceased eastern grey kangaroos, chosen because the species is not endangered and has a large existing population.

Although marsupial species are iconic in Australia and play a crucial role in its biodiversity, scientists say that research on their tissues remains limited. "We are now refining techniques for collecting, culturing, and preserving marsupial eggs and sperm," Dr. Gambini said, adding that these methods will play a key role in conserving "the genetic material of these unique and precious animals."

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is being used as a tool in attempts to protect endangered species worldwide. Last year, scientists successfully achieved the world's first IVF rhino pregnancy, successfully transplanting a lab-grown rhino embryo into a surrogate mother in Kenya. In 2018, IVF was also used to create the world's first donkey embryo.